Can You Put a Stock on a Pistol

Structural component of a long gun

The anatomy of a gunstock on a Ruger ten/22 semi-automatic burglarize with Fajen thumbhole silhouette stock. 1) barrel, 2) forend, three) comb, 4) heel, 5) toe, 6) grip, 7) thumbhole

A gunstock or ofttimes simply stock, the dorsum portion of which is also known equally a shoulder stock, a buttstock or just a butt, is a office of a long gun that provides structural support, to which the barrel, action, and firing mechanism are attached. The stock also provides a means for the shooter to firmly brace the gun and easily aim with stability by being held against the user's shoulder when shooting the gun, and helps to counter cage ascent by transmitting recoil straight into the shooter'due south body.^[1]

The tiller of a crossbow is functionally the equivalent of the stock on a gun.^[2]

History and etymology [edit]

An early hand cannon, or gonne, supported by a simple stock

The term stock in reference to firearms dates to 1571 is derived from the Germanic discussion Stock, pregnant tree trunk, referring to the wooden nature of the gunstock.^[iii]

Early mitt cannons used a elementary stick fitted into a socket in the breech terminate to provide a handle. The modern gunstock shape began to evolve with the introduction of the arquebus, a matchlock with a longer barrel and an bodily lock mechanism, unlike the hand-applied match of the hand cannon. Firing a manus cannon requires careful application of the lucifer while simultaneously aiming; the utilize of a matchlock handles the awarding of the slow match, freeing up a paw for support. With both easily bachelor to aim, the arquebus could be braced with the shoulder, giving rise to the basic gunstock shape that has survived for over 500 years.^[4] This greatly improved the accurateness of the arquebus, to a level that would not be surpassed until the appearance of rifled barrels.^[five]

Ironically, the stocks of muskets introduced during the European colonization of the Americas were repurposed every bit manus-to-hand war clubs^{[six] [7]} by Native Americans and First Nations when frail accessories were damaged or deficient ammunition exhausted. Techniques for gunstock manus weapons are existence revived by martial arts such as Okichitaw.

Anatomy of a gunstock [edit]

A gunstock is broadly divided into two parts (encounter higher up), with the boundary roughly at where the trigger is. The rear portion is the barrel (ane), and front portion is the fore-end (2). The fore-finish (or forestock, forearm) affixes and supports the receiver, and relays the recoil impulse from the barrel via a recoil lug. The butt (or buttstock) is braced confronting the shooter's shoulder for stability and also interacts with the trigger mitt, and is further divided into the rummage (3), heel (4), toe (5), and grip (vi). The stock pictured above has a thumbhole (7) style grip,^[8] which allows a more ergonomic vertical hold for the user's paw.

In some modern firearm designs, the lower receiver and handguard replace the fore-end stock, leaving only the butt portion as the recognizable "stock", even though they serve the same role as the traditional fore-end.

Styles and features of stocks [edit]

The almost basic categorization of stock types is into 1-piece and two-piece stocks. In a one-piece stock, the butt and fore-stop are a continuous monolithic piece, such as that commonly establish on conventional commodities-activity rifles. Two-piece stocks utilize separate pieces for the butt and fore-end, such as that usually constitute on pause-activeness and lever-action firearms. Traditionally, two-piece stocks were easier to make, since finding a quality wood blank suitable for a long one-piece stock is harder than finding short blanks for a two-piece stock.^[viii]

In one-piece burglarize stocks, the butt also varies in styles betwixt the "European" type, which has a drop at the heel to favor quick shooting using iron sights; and "American" type, which the heel remains horizontal from the grip to favor more precision-oriented shooting using scope sights. There are also in-betwixt designs (such as the Weatherby Mark Five) with a "halfway" heel drop where the front half of the buttstock stays leveled.

Collapsable or folding stocks are often seen on military carbines, SMG/PDWs, their civilian-derived versions and some automobile pistols. A collapsible (or telescoping) stock makes the weapon shorter and more compact for storage, conveying and concealment, and can be deployed just earlier shooting for better command. A butt hook, which is an attachment to the butt of the gun that is put nether the shooter's arm to prevent the rifle from pivoting forward from the weight of the barrel is sometimes used in competitive burglarize shooting.^[9] These stocks are besides used on combat shotguns like the Franchi SPAS-12 to permit the stock to collapse when not in use.^[10]

Grip [edit]

Different styles of gunstock grips

The grip is at the front portion of the butt that connects with the fore-stop, and is held past the shooter'south trigger hand during firing. The back surface of butt front near the grip is called the tang. Many grips have roughened textures or even finger grooves engraved into the sides to increase the firmness of the shooter'due south concur. Some grips have a thumb rest (or groove) carved well-nigh the tang to give a more ergonomic hold for the trigger finger.

The grip varies widely in styles. A straight grip stock (A) proceeds smoothly from toe to the trigger, giving a almost horizontal property bending for the trigger paw, while a full pistol grip stock (E) contains a split stand-out grip piece, providing a nigh vertical bending for the trigger hand for maximal ergonomics, and is commonly found on modern armed services rifles such as the ubiquitous AK-47 and M16/M4 families of assault rifles. In between the 2 extremes, the semi-grip stock (B) is peradventure the most mutual sporting rifle stock, with a steeper bending cutting into the stock to provide a more than diagonal angle for the trigger manus. Mod target-style stocks have mostly moved towards a fuller, more vertical grip, though congenital into the stock rather than made as a separate piece. Anschütz grip stocks (C), for example, use a nearly vertical grip, and many thumbhole grip stocks (D) are similar to pistol grips in shape.

Comb [edit]

Variations in gunstock combs

The comb is another area of broad variation. Since the rummage must support the shooter's cheek at a elevation that steadily aligns the aiming eye with the weapon'southward sights, college sights such as telescopic sights require higher combs.

The simplest form is a directly rummage (A), which is the default form seen in all traditional rifles with iron sights. The Monte Carlo comb (B) is commonly found on stocks designed for use with scopes, and features an elevated comb to elevator the cheek higher, while keeping the heel of the stock depression. If the elevated comb is of a rounded dome shape, information technology is frequently chosen a hogback comb. A cheekpiece (C) is a raised section protruding from the side of the stock, which provides a more conformed support for the shooter's cheek. There is some confusion betwixt these terms, as the features are often combined, with the raised rollover cheekpiece (D) extending across the tiptop of the stock to form essentially an exaggeratedly wide and loftier Monte Carlo comb.^{[eight] [xi] [12]}

Some modern buttstocks have a movable comb piece called a cheek remainder or cheek ascension, which offers adaptable rummage tiptop that tailors to the shooter'southward ergonomic preference.

Fore-end [edit]

The fore-ends tend to vary both in thickness, from the splinter fore-ends mutual on British side-by-side shotguns to the wide, flat bottomed beavertail fore-ends found on benchrest shooting guns, and in length, from the short AK-47 mode to the long Mannlicher stock that runs all the way to the muzzle. Most common on sporting firearms is the half-stock, which extends roughly one-half the length of the butt.^{[eight] [13]}

Stock measurements [edit]

Stock measurements are of import regarding target rifle stocks if competing in IBS or NBRSA registered matches. The target burglarize stocks must meet certain dimensional and configuration criteria co-ordinate to the form of competition engaged in. Stock dimensioning is especially important with shotguns, where the typical front-dewdrop-only sight requires a consistent positioning of the shooter's middle over the center of the barrel for proficient accurateness. When having a stock custom congenital or bent to fit, there are a number of measurements that are of import.^{[viii] [14]}

• Sight line, a datum line along the line of visual aim, extending axially to all points necessary for shotgun stock reference measurements.
• Length of pull, the length measured from the back end of the butt to the trigger. Many newer stock designs have an adjustable length of pull. Other relevant length measurements affected by the length of pull include length to sight (LTS) and length to handstop (LTH).^[fifteen]
• Drop at heel, the altitude from the sightline to the heel of the butt. Sometimes as well called the height of the buttpad or buttplate meridian.
• Driblet at comb, the distance from the sightline to the comb. Sometimes also called the tiptop of the cheek remainder or cheekpiece meridian.
• Cast is sometimes also called beginning.^[xv]
  • Cast off, the distance from the middle of the butt to the Sight line, to the right side as seen from the rear. Oft used by those shooting from the right shoulder.
  • Bandage on, the distance from the centre of the butt to the Sight line, to the left side equally seen from the rear. Ofttimes used by those shooting from the left shoulder.
• Pitch, the vertical bending of the butt of the stock, determined past a straight line from heel to toe, referenced perpendicular to the Sight line.
• Cant, the bending of the barrel of the stock, rotated effectually an centrality parallel to the bore line, referenced to zilch degrees if pointing vertical to the basis.^[xv]
• Diameter line, A datum line concentric with the barrel bore and extending axially to all points necessary for rifle stock reference measurements.
• Recoil arm, the vertical distance between the bore axis and the contact bespeak of the stock against the shoulder where the recoil acts. If the recoil line corresponds to the bore line, the firearm can recoil straight backwards and minimize muzzle rise.^[16]
• Corporal line, the lesser edge of the butt of the stock, or as adamant by a straight line from grip to toe.
• Corporal angle, the angle of the corporal line referenced to the diameter line at the corporal intercept point.
• Corporal intercept indicate, the point on the bore line frontwards of the commodities confront where (if) the corporal line intercepts the bore line.
• Handguard rotation, only found on firearms where the handguard tin exist rotated.^[fifteen]

Accuracy considerations [edit]

M16A1 cutaway rifle (top) and M16A2 (beneath) with a "directly-line" stock configuration

In add-on to ergonomic issues, the stock can also take a significant touch on the accurateness of the rifle. The primal factors are:

• A secure fit between the stock and action, so that the rifle does not shift under recoil
• A stable material, that does non suffer from changes in shape with temperature, humidity, or other environmental conditions to a degree that could adversely impact accuracy

A well designed and well built wooden stock can provide the secure, stable base needed for an authentic rifle, but the backdrop of wood make information technology more difficult than more stable synthetic materials. Wood is still a top choice for aesthetic reasons, yet, and solutions such as bedding provide the stability of a synthetic with the aesthetics of wood.^{[17] [18]}

Outburst or automatic shoulder fired small artillery tin can incorporate the "straight-line" recoil configuration. This layout places both the center of gravity and the position of the shoulder stock nearly in line with the longitudinal axis of the butt bore, a characteristic increasing controllability during burst or automatic burn.^[16]

Adaptability [edit]

Traditional gunstocks have a permanently-shaped buttstock that is fixed in length of pull and rummage height, and cannot tailor to the anatomical variation between different users. If the user wants a more comfy head position to achieve better natural point of aim, then an additional cheek pad (which add to the rummage summit) or a thicker buttplate (which add to the length of pull) demand to be installed. These improvisations might not be ideal every bit they might still not achieve optimal plumbing fixtures to a person's ergonomics.

Modern manufacturing and gunsmithing techniques can produce gunstocks with variable comb heights and buttplate positions. This tin be achieved either by having interchangeable modules or using spacer blocks, which can increment the vertical and horizontal thickness. Alternatively, the buttstock can be built with a movable comb (known as a cheek riser) and/or buttplate, which use 1 or more guide runway to command position changes. These moveable parts can exist adapted using a leadscrew usually turned with a knurled wheel, or have them slide freely forth the guide rails and then fastened to desirable positions with set screws or thumbscrews. Some more than complex designs also allow horizontal shifting and tilting of the cheek riser, as well equally vertical shifting and slanting of the buttplate.

Structure [edit]

Traditionally, stocks are made from wood, generally a durable hardwood such every bit walnut. A growing pick is the laminated wood stock, consisting of many thin layers of wood bonded together at loftier pressures with epoxy, resulting in a dense, stable blended.^{[18] [17]}

Regardless of the material actually employed, the general term "furniture" is often applied to gunstocks by curators, researchers and other firearm experts.

Folding, collapsible, or removable stocks tend to be made from a mix of steel or blend for forcefulness and locking mechanisms, and wood or plastics for shape. Stocks for bullpup rifles must take into account the dimensions of the burglarize's action, every bit well as ergonomic bug such equally ejection.

Wood stocks [edit]

Gun stock structure on a lathe from the 1850s (photo circa 2015)

While walnut is the favored gunstock wood, many other woods are used, including maple, myrtle, birch, and mesquite. In making stocks from solid wood, one must take into business relationship the natural properties and variability of woods. The grain of the wood determines the force, and the grain should menstruation through the wrist of the stock and out the toe; having the grain perpendicular to these areas weakens the stock considerably.^[17]

In addition to the type of woods, how it is treated can have a significant bear upon on its backdrop. Forest for gunstocks should exist slowly stale, to forbid grain collapse and splitting, and besides to preserve the natural color of the forest; custom stockmakers will purchase blanks that accept been dried two to three years and then dry out information technology for several boosted years before working it into a stock. Conscientious selection can yield distinctive and bonny features, such as crotch figure, feathering, fiddleback, and burl, which can significantly add to the desirability of a stock. While a bones, directly grained blank suitable for a utilitarian stock might sell for U.s.$xx, an exhibition grade blank with superb figure could price in the range of US$2000. Blanks for one piece stocks are more expensive than blanks for two piece stocks, due to the greater difficulty in finding the longer blanks with desirable figure. Two piece stocks are ideally fabricated from a single blank, so that the wood in both parts shows similar color and figure.^[19]

Laminated wood [edit]

Laminated wood consists of two or more than layers of wood, impregnated with glue and attached permanently to each other. The combination of the two pieces of wood, if laid out correctly, results in the separate pieces moderating the effects of changes in temperature and humidity. Modern laminates consist of 1⁄sixteen inch (1.6 mm) thick sheets of wood, usually birch, which are impregnated with epoxy, laid with alternating grain directions, and cured at high temperatures and pressures. The resulting composite material is far stronger than the original forest, free from internal defects, and nearly allowed to warping from oestrus or moisture. Typically, each layer of the laminate is dyed before laminating, oft with alternating colors, which provides a pattern like to wood grain when cutting into shape, and with bright, contrasting colors, the results can be very striking. The disadvantage of laminate stocks is density, with laminates weighing about 4 to five ounces (110 to 140 g) more walnut for a typical stock.^[18]

While wood laminates take been bachelor for many years on the custom market (and, in subdued grade, in some armed services rifles), in 1987 Rutland Plywood, a maker of forest laminates, convinced Sturm, Ruger, Vicious Artillery, and U.South. Repeating Arms Company (Winchester) to display some laminate stocks on their rifles in a light-green, dark-brown and blackness blueprint (ofttimes called camo). The response was overwhelming, and that marked the beginning of laminated stocks on production rifles.^[xviii]

Injection molded synthetic [edit]

While setup costs are high, once ready to produce, injection molding produces stocks for less than the cost of the cheapest wood stocks. Every stock is virtually identical in dimension, and requires no bedding, inletting, or finishing. The downsides are a lack of rigidity and thermal stability, which are side effects of the thermoplastic materials used for injection molding.^[18]

Hand-laid composite stocks [edit]

A hand-laid composite stock is composed out of materials such as fiberglass, Kevlar, graphite cloth, or some combination, saturated in an appropriate folder, placed into a mold to set, or solidify. The resulting stock is stronger and more than stable than an injection-molded stock. It can also exist as little every bit half the weight of an injection-molded stock. Inletting and bedding can be achieved by molding in as function of the manufacturing process, machining in the inletting after the stock is finished, molding directly to the action as a separate process, or molding a machined metal component in identify during manufacture. Finish is provided by a layer of gel coat applied to the mold before the fabric is laid up.^[18]

Metal [edit]

Some high product firearms (such as the PPS-43, MP-xl, and the Zastava M70B) make use of metal frames in club to have a thin just strong stock that can be folded away to make the weapon more compact. Withal, fifty-fifty a skeletonized steel stock is often heavier than the equivalent solid wooden stock. Consequentially, less cost-sensitive designs like the FN Minimi make utilise of lighter-than-steel materials such as aluminium alloy or titanium. A few designs, similar the Accuracy International Arctic Warfare, utilise a metallic chassis which securely beds the functional components of the firearm, with non-structural polymer panels attached externally like a shell for ergonomics and aesthetics.

Non-fixed stock [edit]

Telescoping stock [edit]

M4 carbine with a telescoping stock

A telescoping stock (alternatively collapsible stock) is a buttstock that can retract into and shorten itself (telescoping) in lodge to brand the whole weapon more compact. Telescoping stocks are useful in allowing a rifle, submachine gun, shotgun or even a light auto gun to be stored or maneuvered in places it would otherwise have trouble fitting. The user can either slide in ("collapse") the buttstock to render the weapon more than portable and concealable, or extend ("deploy") it for meliorate accuracy.

Some telescoping stocks, such equally those on the M4 carbine and Benelli M1014, accept more than i length of pull setting, allowing the stock to exist adjusted for different users.

Folding stock [edit]

An AK-103 with its stock folded

Some buttstocks tin have a hinged zipper to the receiver and tin be folded forward to shorten the overall length of the gun. The swivel commonly has a locking mechanism to prevent adventitious or unwanted movements of the buttstock. When stability is not needed, the gun tin can exist folded down to salvage space, be concealed, or held with ane hand or nearer to the core; when stable aim is needed, the buttstock can be quickly extended and held to the shoulder.

Almost folding stocks bend left or right depending on factory blueprint or user preferences. Some are however designed to bend upward and downward, and usually made of a minimalistic "skeletonized" frame to fit over and envelop the receiver. Some compact weapons (e.yard. motorcar pistols) accept foldable buttstocks with more than than one articulations to allow even more shortening.

Bump stock [edit]

A bump stock allows semi-automatic firearms to shoot at a faster rate of fire that somewhat mimics fully automatic fire.

A crash-land fire stock or bump stock utilizes the recoil of a semi-automatic rifle to facilitate a faster rate of fire without requiring any modification of internal mechanisms to convert the firearm to an automated firearm.

The term "bump fire" was originally an improvised technique to shoot an AR-15 faster by having the shooter applying a not-rigid frontwards push on the receiver (by gripping the handguard or via a foregrip) and having a loose concur on the pistol grip. When the gun shoots, the recoil shifts the receiver backwards, moving the trigger conversely forward (from the receiver'due south frame of reference) and relaxes the pulling force on the trigger, allowing it to reset. When the shooter'due south forward push button overcomes the recoil momentum and shifts the receiver back towards the front, the trigger is "bumped" against the shooter'south finger and gets depressed again, firing off some other round, which produces another recoil that repeats the to a higher place process. This allows a cycling rate of firing much faster than what the shooter's ain finger can typically achieve, just is usually inaccurate due to the shooter often having to fire from the hip to still agree the gun firmly.

A bump stock replaces the manual forward button with a spring mechanism at the interface betwixt the receiver and the pistol grip/buttstock. The user simply has to simply hold the trigger back confronting the grip, and the bound-assisted forrard button will itself work confronting the recoil to cycle the shooting. This allows an increased charge per unit of fire that can reach several hundred rounds per minute, and is far more than consequent in functioning compared to the transmission bump fire.

For handguns [edit]

The Luger Artillery Pistol with its wooden holster attached

The CZ Škorpion with its folding wire stock extended.

Many handguns likewise support the use of shoulder stocks to handle recoil. An example is the Luger P08 "Arms Pistol", which has a wooden factory holster that tin exist attached to the pistol grip and used as an improvised buttstock. Some aftermarket manufacturers also make accessories for popular semi-automated pistols such every bit Glocks, including grip modules that have built-on folding stocks, or fifty-fifty "conversion kit" that allows the pistol to be mounted into a carbine-shaped enclosure with a shoulder stock.

Car pistols such as the MAC-ten, Micro-Uzi and Škorpion vz. 61 often employ a folding skeleton stock that can exist extended and braced during engagements to provide auto-fire stability.

Pistol brace [edit]

A pistol stabilizing brace (PSB) or arm brace is a device similar in shape to a buttstock, just is meant to be in contact with or wrap around the shooter'due south forearm like a wrist brace or splint, instead of being pressed against the shoulder. It is mainly designed for pistols with carbine-manner receivers (e.thousand. "AR pistols" and PC Charger), which are stockless out-of-factory to avert being legally classified as short-barreled rifles, as an alternative measure of countering recoil and muzzle ascension with one-handed shooting. The brace can exist mounted onto the pistol via an M4-style buffer tube, or via a Picatinny rails interface.

Even though the bulkier end of a caryatid can yet be leaned confronting the shoulder like a shoulder stock, doing then would invite the same legal complications equally shoulder stocks do.^[20] On December 18, 2020, the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives filed a find to the Federal Register titled Objective Factors for Classifying Weapons with "Braces", proposing a series of criteria used to evaluate whether pistols with attached stabilizing braces are firearms that should be regulated by the National Firearms Act,^[21] but withdrew the notice five days later.^[22]

Legal problems [edit]

In some jurisdictions, the nature of the stock may change the legal condition of the firearm. Examples of this are:

• Adding a shoulder stock to a firearm with a barrel shorter than 16 inches (41 cm) changes information technology into a short-barreled burglarize (SBR) under the Usa National Firearms Act.
• Folding stocks, or stocks with separate pistol grips, are regarded as assault weapon features and banned in some U.Due south. states and municipalities.
• In the Us, fitting a bump stock to a semi-automatic firearm causes information technology to be classified every bit a machine gun past the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, meaning they are effectively banned on the federal level. They are also banned in Canada and the United Kingdom.

Gallery [edit]

• 

  AK-47 with a iii piece stock consisting of butt, grip and fore-cease

See too [edit]

• Vertical forward grip

References [edit]

1. ^ Chuck Hawks. "Rifle Recoil".
2. ^ "Online Etymology Lexicon, tiller".
3. ^ "Online Etymology Dictionary, stock".
4. ^ "Handgonne". Archived from the original on 2016-10-14. Retrieved 2008-01-03 .
5. ^ Krenn, Peter (1991). "Test-Firing Selected 16th to 18th C. Weapons". Military Illustrated. 33.
6. ^ "Pitt Rivers Museum". Archived from the original on 2008-09-21.
7. ^ "British Museum". Archived from the original on 2010-01-21.
8. ^ ^{a b c d e} "SAAMI Glossary, S". Archived from the original on 2007-10-31. Retrieved 2008-01-03 .
9. ^ Targetshooting.ca Archived 2007-10-xi at the Wayback Machine
10. ^ Modern Weapons—SPAS-12 World.guns.ru Archived 2008-11-04 at the Wayback Machine
11. ^ "Rifle Stock Terms".
12. ^ "SAAMI Glossary, C". Archived from the original on 2008-04-09.
13. ^ "SAAMI Glossary, F".
14. ^ "The Magic of Cast-off".
15. ^ ^{a b c d} Configuring the Eliseo Tubegun Stock within AccurateShooter.com
16. ^ ^{a b} Senich, Peter: The German Set on Rifle: 1935–1945, folio 239. Paladin Press, 1987.
17. ^ ^{a b c} Larry Lyons. "The Semi-Synthetic Solution". Guns & Ammo. Archived from the original (– ^{Scholar search}) on October 23, 2007.
18. ^ ^{a b c d due east f} Jon R. Sundra (Nov 1999). "The Stock Market". Guns Magazine.
19. ^ Ron Swartley (October 1990). "Gunstock blanks: how to buy the best - gunsmithing tips". Shooting Industry.
20. ^ Kingery, Max Yard. "Open up Letter ON THE RESIGN OF "STABILIZING BRACES"" (PDF).
21. ^ "Objective Factors for Classifying Weapons with "Stabilizing Braces"". Federal Register. 2020-12-eighteen. Retrieved 2020-01-12 .
22. ^ "SB Criteria Withdrawal Notice". Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives. 2020-12-23. Retrieved 2020-01-12 .

External links [edit]

• Media related to Stock (firearm) at Wikimedia Commons

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stock_%28firearms%29

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